WHEREAS 2 000 bar was seen as the benchmark injection pressure for a turbodiesel engine five years ago, there is talk of 3 000-bar systems in the near future. But, why do higher pressures increase performance and efficiency? Firstly, diesel combustion takes a finite time to complete (much longer than spark ignition in a petrol engine) and it is important to get the correct measure of diesel into the combustion chamber at optimal times (modern strategies allows up to seven injections per stroke). This is even more relevant when turbocharging is added to the equation because more air is available to burn even more diesel (usually in smaller-capacity engines). Higher injection pressures also improve the atomisation of the injected diesel (better mixing of air and fuel) and results in lower emissions. Expect the trend of higher injection pressures to continue into the future.
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